SOCIAL ADAPTATION OF SYRIAN REFUGEES

Objective of the study is to examine from a sociological perspective, the real process of integration of Syrian refugees into the socio-cultural space of the host society and the problems that arise in this regard. Methodological basis of the  study. A scientific approach to the study of the phenomenon of acculturation (i.e. native speakers of the language and culture of a migrating minority interact with the culture of the host community) was developed in the 30s of  ХХ century by Redfield, Linton and Herskovitz. Its further development is linked with such scientists as: Arends-Toth and Van de Wijver. The structure of the acculturation process and its results were shown by Klenk, Kroon and Korzilius. The development of the  Behaviorism methodology and especially Neobehaviorism allows us to look at the process of acculturation and integration of migrants not only and not so much from psychology and psychiatry, but more from the standpoint of sociology and political science. Results of the study. Currently, most of the scientific literature is focused on the study of post-traumatic stress disorders and the factors that give rise to mental disorders. Individual experiences associated with the loss of relatives, friends, acquaintances during a military conflict, with the evidence of acts of violence, torture, bullying, with the fear, the existential state on the border between life and death, etc. are studied. The traumatic impact of these events, aggravated by displacement to a foreign cultural environment of another state, loss of social ties, imaginary or real discrimination, lack of housing, work, and means of subsistence, are indicated. At the same time, these studies have already drawn attention to the importance of such factors as age, marital status, gender, level and focus of education of patients for the integration of Syrian migrants into the culture of the host society. It translates the study of their social well-being into the sociological plane and requires not so much an individual approach and attitude towards individuals as patients, but a study of the social group of migrants as a whole in the specific social, political, and legal conditions of a particular country. A special part of social problems is the study of the state of migrant children in the host society. Children's psyche is most susceptible to traumatic stressful situations. Overcoming its consequences is a task not only and not so much of child psychologists, as of fundamental international programs and organizations that carry out targeted activities within each of the countries that accept refugee families on its territory. Prospects of the study. This work may be useful for further study of problems and assistance in social adaptation of Syrian refugees into the socio-cultural space of the host society.