Optimizing Germination Parameters of Telfaria occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) Through Matrix Priming

Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment that allows controlled hydration of seeds to absorb water and go through the first stage of germination but does not allow radical protrusion through the seed coat. Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) is a vital crop in many tropical regions. However, its cultivation is often hindered by poor germination rates and inadequate seedling establishment. Hence, the objective of this paper was to optimize the germination parameters of T. occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) through matrix priming techniques using peat-based matrix, a coconut coir-based matrix, and a matrix derived from groundnut shell residues. The results showed that seeds subjected to the peat-based matrix for 120 hours achieved a full germination rate of 100%, while those exposed for 72 hours attained a germination rate of 58.3%. Conversely, seeds treated with the coconut coir-based matrix presented an emergence time of 192 hours, whereas those subjected to the groundnut shell residues-based matrix exhibited an emergence time of 147 hours. The fastest emergence was recorded for seeds treated with the peat-based matrix for 120 hours, resulting in an emergence time of 108 hours. Plant height, leaf area, and root diameter were also significantly enhanced in seeds treated with the peat-based matrix. These findings indicate that matrix priming can be a valuable technique for improving the germination and early growth of T. occidentalis. The results of the study have important implications for the cultivation of T. occidentalis, particularly in tropical regions where the crop is commonly grown. By optimizing germination parameters through matrix priming, crop yields can be improved, seed wastage reduced, and sustainable agricultural practices promoted. Further research into tailored matrix priming methodologies for T. occidentalis may offer additional insights into optimizing its cultivation.