Study on the Prevention and Control of Wrongful Convictions in the Application of the Plea and Penalty Leniency System

As a major reform measure in the field of criminal justice in China, the system of pleading guilty and accepting punishment with leniency has effectively im-proved the efficiency of litigation and optimized the allocation of judicial re-sources by encouraging suspect and defendants to voluntarily plead guilty and accept punishment with leniency. However, in the process of institutional prac-tice, there are hidden risks of wrongful convictions due to lax control of evi-dence review standards, insufficient voluntary protection for the accused, and lack of effective legal assistance from duty lawyers. Based on the theoretical ex-ploration of the application of the leniency system for confession and punish-ment in the prevention and control of wrongful cases, this paper deeply analyz-es the internal mechanism of wrongful cases. From the dimensions of strength-ening the rigid constraints of the principle of evidence judgment, improving the voluntary review mechanism, and enhancing the substantive legal assistance effectiveness of duty lawyers, this paper proposes paths and strategies for the prevention and control of wrongful cases, aiming to balance the relationship between institutional efficiency and judicial fairness, effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of parties, and protect the bottom line of judicial fairness and justice.