Sustainable approaches to NOx emissions: Capture and utilization technologies

The emission of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) stemming from diverse industrial processes and transportation, pose significant challenges to air quality, climate change, and human health. This comprehensive review offers a thorough exploration of NO x capture and utilization technologies, their mechanisms, current scale-up efforts, and future prospects. Key findings provide insights on the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on selectivity, efficiency, and regeneration. Additionally, NO x utilization strategies, including NO x to nitrate conversion and NO x to ammonia synthesis, are assessed for their environmental and economic benefits. The paper showcases ongoing industrial-scale implementations across diverse sectors, such as power generation, chemical manufacturing, and wastewater treatment, underscoring the practical feasibility and potential for economic benefits. Environmental and economic impact assessments are scrutinized to evaluate the full benefits of these technologies. Challenges and limitations in scaling up NO x capture and utilization, including engineering integration, space constraints, and safety considerations, are addressed. The critical role of multidisciplinary collaboration between academia, industry, and policy-makers is emphasized. In conclusion, this paper offers a roadmap for leveraging NO x capture and utilization technologies as transformative solutions to NO x emissions challenges. As we navigate this journey toward a more sustainable future, the nexus of scientific inquiry, innovation, and collaborative action holds the promise of a world where NO x emissions are not merely controlled but are also a valuable resource driving progress and environmental stewardship. • Innovative approaches for tackling NO x emissions through resource generation. • Practical feasibility and economic benefits of real-time industrial-scale implementations. • Comprehensive assessments of the environmental and economic impacts of NCU approach. • Necessity of collaborative efforts in advancing NO x capture and utilization technologies.