Simulation study on the influence factors of ultrasonic impact on surface stress of laser cladding coating

Abstract Ultrasonic impact technology can introduce residual compressive stress at the weld toe, significantly enhancing the fatigue life of welded structures. However, it is difficult to measure the stress distribution during the impact process. In this paper, an axisymmetric two-dimensional finite element model of a laser cladding coating made of Fe314 alloy was constructed to study the effects of the number of impacts, impact speed, and impact needle radius on the residual stress on the material surface. The single-impact model was experimentally verified to ensure the accuracy of the model. Simulation results show that as the number of impacts increases, the maximum residual stress gradually saturates at six impacts; with an increase in impact speed, both the maximum residual stress value and depth range increase; the increase in impact needle radius has a slight effect on the maximum residual stress value and depth range.