Synthesis and Modification of Alkyd Resin from Velvet Tamarind Oil Extract for Potential Use as Binders and Surface Coatings

Due to environmental problems and depletion of the world oil pool, seed oil has been employed as an alternative in the production of a variety of a polymeric resin. Consequently, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the synthesis and modification of alkyd resin from velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense) seed oil extract for potential use as binders in paints, varnishes, and wood products in the construction, timber, and manufacturing sectors using Soxhlet extraction method and other standard procedures of extraction was adopted to extract oil from velvet tamarind seed with hexane as the solvent, the yield was 1.73%. The oil's physicochemical qualities were investigated and with its Iodine value of 76.6 mg I2/g, it was classified as non-drying oil. The fatty acid profile of the oil was determined using GC-MS and FID while the FT-IR showed the various functional groups present. The oil was employed in the synthesis of Alkyd using the monoglyceride method. The synthesized resin was characterized with 1HNMR, 13CNMR and FT-IR spectroscopies. The velvet tamarind oil-based resin was modified with epoxy resin and hardener and the film was air-dried within 48 hours. The polyester physio-chemical characteristics were investigated; the resin showed good solubility to different test solvents. It also showed good resistance to water, 6MHCl, 0.1MNaCl and poor resistance to 0.1MNaOH solutions. Hardness and excellent adhesion are indications that the synthesized resin is promising in coating industries. However, the low oil yield showed that velvet tamarind alkyd resin would be economically unsustainable.