STAC Implementation and FAIR Evaluation for Integrating Landsat-8 Analysis Ready Data: Improving Geospatial Data Accessibility and Utilization in Indonesia

The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) provides Landsat-8 Analysis Ready Data (ARD), pre-processed to enable advanced geospatial analysis. Despite its potential, data accessibility and utilization remain limited due to the absence of an integrated data discovery and access system. This study develops an indexing system for ARD data using the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (STAC), a standardized approach to managing geospatial metadata. It evaluates its implementation using the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) Data Maturity Model. Landsat-8 ARD sample data were indexed into a STAC database, accessible through an API. STAC implementation achieved significant improvements in data discoverability and accessibility, with both principles reaching maturity level 5, as all essential indicators were met. However, the interoperability and reusability principles remained at level 0 due to incomplete metadata, particularly in data provenance and licensing. The results highlight the effectiveness of STAC in enhancing metadata-driven data search and access but also emphasize the need for comprehensive metadata adhering to community standards. Recommendations include improving metadata completeness, integrating licensing information, and ensuring compliance with international metadata standards to enhance data usability. This study recommends improving geospatial data management in Indonesia, offering scalable solutions for other datasets. Further research should explore metadata automation and user feedback mechanisms to achieve a higher level of FAIR compliance, ultimately fostering better utilization of geospatial data for various applications.