NITROGEN CYCLE IN NATURE: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS

This study examines the process of nitrogen cycling in nature, as well as its positive and negative effects on ecosystems. Nitrogen is one of the most common elements in nature, is part of the main biological compounds and is one of the most important elements for plant development. The sources of nitrogen in its cycle are the atmosphere, organic waste and nitrogen-containing fertilizers. It is absorbed by plants through soil and water and passes through the food chain to animals and humans. Bacteria that release nitrogen from the atmosphere play an important role in the natural nitrogen cycle. He also analyzes the nitrogen cycle in nature and its importance for ecosystems. The main stages of the nitrogen cycle are considered - the processes of fixation, nitrification, ammonification and denitrification, its positive effects are noted, such as improving soil fertility and ecosystem stability, and the negative effects of the nitrogen cycle associated with the human factor, including water pollution, eutrophication and contribution to climate change. Sustainable agriculture and environmental responsibility are presented as recommendations aimed at reducing the negative effects of nitrogen. The aim of the study is to explain the role of nitrogen in nature and measures to prevent its excessive concentration.