Assessment of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity effect of GABA extracted from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to extract γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolated from milk. The microorganism was identified through standard microbiological techniques, DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gene sequencing analysis, followed by database submission to NCBI, obtaining the accession number PP391551. GABA extraction was performed using ethyl acetate in MRS broth, and its presence was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and obtained yield of 1.8 g/L. The extracted GABA exhibited antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae (21±0.044 mm), Salmonella typhi (22±0.08 mm), Escherichia coli (11±0.12 mm), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13±0.48 mm), as well as antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (14±0.072 mm) and Aspergillus flavus (11±0.061 mm). Additionally, cytotoxicity analysis against the HCT 116 cell line revealed an IC₅₀ value of 103.48 µg/ml, highlighting its potential biomedical applications.