Dietary habits of patients with gluten intolerance and their relationship with body composition

Gluten intolerance requires strict dietary management, which may affect body composition if not properly balanced. This study aimed to analyze the dietary habits of patients with gluten intolerance and their relationship with body composition. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 37 patients classified by gender and age group. Dietary habits were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire, while anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis were used to assess body composition. Spearman’s correlation was performed to identify relationships between dietary habits and body composition variables. Results revealed significant differences in body composition according to gender and age. A high consumption of ultra-processed foods, particularly among children and adolescents, positively correlated with increased body fat percentage (r=0.65; p<0.05). In contrast, regular intake of fruits, vegetables, and animal proteins correlated with improved muscle mass and higher body water percentage. In conclusion, dietary habits significantly influence body composition in patients with gluten intolerance, highlighting the importance of reducing ultra-processed food intake and promoting balanced dietary habits through targeted nutritional interventions.