Are Women's Socioeconomic Rights at Risk from Extreme Weather?

The importance of women's socioeconomic rights (WSR) has been increasingly recognized, highlighting the critical roles women play and the unequal benefits they receive. The rise in severe extreme weather events intensifies the adverse impacts on women. This study examines data from 146 economies between 2000 and 2021, revealing significant effects of extreme temperatures on WSR (-2.6%). Droughts have been found to positively influence women's professional education rights (28.1%) and political rights (5.4%), but negatively affect women's physical integrity rights (-7.1%) and property rights (15%). Meanwhile, floods result in a decline in WSR (-0.9%), and storms adversely impact professional education (-1.3%) and property rights (-2%). Extreme weather events can alter the level of WSR by influencing industrial structures and innovation, as well as affecting overall development and personal income levels.