Research Progress on the Effects of Water and Nitrogen Regulation on Potato Yield, Quality, Soil Environment, and Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

In the context of intensifying global water scarcity, enhancing the efficiency of water and fertilizer use in potato cultivation is of great importance. This study explores how various irrigation and nitrogen management strategies affect potato yield and quality, as well as their impact on water and nitrogen use efficiency and soil conditions. The results demonstrate that appropriate coordination of water and nitrogen inputs can significantly improve potato photosynthetic activity, promote tuber development, and enhance both yield and quality. At the same time, such strategies can help mitigate negative environmental impacts and support the goal of sustainable agricultural development. However, an oversupply of water and nitrogen may lead to imbalanced soil nutrients, alter soil physical and chemical properties, increase nitrate levels, and raise the risk of groundwater contamination. In regions with arid climates and fragile ecological conditions, potato yields tend to fluctuate greatly, with practices such as over-irrigation and excessive fertilization still commonly observed. Therefore, optimizing water use, reducing fertilizer input, and formulating sustainable management strategies are crucial for maintaining stable potato yields and promoting efficient use of irrigation technologies in agricultural systems.