Research on Signal Timing Strategy for Urban Intersections Under Rainy Conditions Based on a Multi-Objective Optimization Model

In adverse weather conditions, traditional signal timing schemes often fail to effectively adapt to changes in traffic conditions, leading to issues such as traffic congestion and increased accidents. In this manuscript, we employ rainy weather conditions as a case study to examine the various factors that affect signal timing at intersections during rainfall events. A multi-objective optimization model was established with the objectives of minimizing vehicle delay and maximizing traffic capacity. The Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was utilized to solve the optimization problem and obtain the optimized signal timing scheme for urban intersections. Additionally, the Webster algorithm was employed for comparison. Simulation was conducted using Visual Simulation of Urban Traffic (Vissim) software, and the optimization results were analyzed. The study demonstrates that the proposed multi-objective signal timing optimization model developed in this paper for rainy conditions outperforms the conventional approaches and the Webster algorithm. It effectively reduces the average delay of vehicles at intersections and improves intersection efficiency.