Review of methods for researching energy security. Modeling

The paper aims to review literature sources that provide an assessment of energy security and energy supply reliability. Various methods for modeling energy systems presented in the sources are compared and evaluated. About 50 scientific articles and reviews selected from scientific indexes (including IEEE, Web of Science, and Scopus) were studied using the keywords “energy security”, “energy supply reliability”, “large-scale systems”, and “bottleneck analysis”. A systematic review method for reviewing specialized sources according to article categories was applied to provide a well-defined structure for the given research area. A comprehensive review of literature sources and analysis of the methods of modeling power systems presented in the papers was carried out. Emphasis was placed on the sources in which analysis of energy security and reliability of energy supply was selected as the primary function of the presented model. Works having other target functions (cost minimization, profit maximization, etc.) were also considered to provide a comparison of the applied modeling methods for different target functions. Most studies were found to focus on modeling energy systems of different scales, from individual buildings to national or regional power grids, and to be mainly aimed at minimizing energy costs or maximizing profits. Conversely, less research has focused on energy scarcity minimization and reliability assessment, indicating a significant research gap and highlighting the need for further research in this critical area. The results of the presented literature review clarify the application of various methods of modeling energy systems in the analysis of energy security and reliability of fuel and energy supply, as well as in other target functions. It is concluded that similar modeling methods are used for diverse target functions. Static nonlinear models, representing the most widely used approach, will be used as a basis for further research.