A Cross-Sectional Study To Evaluate Association Between Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels And Diastolic Dysfunction In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge, affecting millions of individuals and contributing to significant morbidity and mortality[1]. While macrovascular complications such as coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accidents are well-recognized, increasing attention has been directed toward diabetic cardiomyopathy, an entity characterized by structural and functional myocardial abnormalities independent of coronary artery disease or hypertension. A key early manifestation of diabetic cardiomyopathy is left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), which often precedes systolic dysfunction and the development of overt heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is an emerging concern, with diastolic dysfunction as an early indicator. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and correlate it with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 42 ICU patients with T2DM at a tertiary care hospital. Echocardiographic evaluation for LVDD and laboratory tests for HbA1c and other metabolic markers were performed. Results: LVDD was observed in 66.67% of patients. Mean HbA1c was significantly higher in patients with LVDD (6.77 ± 0.34%) than without (6.34 ± 0.52%) (p < 0.0001). Diastolic dysfunction showed significant association with HbA1c, and diabetes duration. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control and obesity are significantly associated with LVDD in T2DM patients. Early cardiac screening is essential for high-risk individuals.