Modern approaches to the treatment of infections caused by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> with multiple antimicrobial resistance. What a practicing physician should know

The rise of antimicrobial resistance is a pressing problem worldwide. Oncology patients are at risk of developing infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This is associated with frequent visits of patients to hospitals for chemotherapy courses, long periods of neutropenia in oncohematologic patients and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, repeated courses of antibiotic therapy, surgical interventions, etc.Aim of this work – to familiarize physicians with the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), the possibilities and limitations of new antibiotics with antipseudomonal activity, and to help with the choice of antibiotic therapy for infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and infections difficult to treat due to P. aeruginosa resistance.The summarized data of the Russian online antimicrobial resistance research platform AMRmap on the sensitivity and resistance of P. aeruginosa in Russia for the period 2020–2022 is presented. Recommendations on treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and infections difficult to treat due to P. aeruginosa resistance of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (2024), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (2022) and Russian guidelines on diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (2024) were analyzed. The possibilities of overcoming the mechanisms of P. aeruginosa resistance in new beta-lactams and selected antibiotics with antipseudomonal activity are considered.