Associations and mediators of estimated sodium intake with cardiovascular mortality: data based on a national population cohort
Both high and low sodium intake are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. The lowest risk is observed at an estimated sodium intake of 200.8-235.1 mmol/day (equivalent to 4.6-5.4 g/day). Mediation analysis suggests that blood pressure, heart rate and glycaemic disorders could be plausible explanations for this U-shaped association.
Authors
- Haibo Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7249-3113)
- Hui Zhong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-0774)
- Lijuan Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2945-5669)
- Bowang Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-0948)
- Jianlan Cui (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1361-8710)
- Yanping Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5620-3309)
- Xiaoyan Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-1849)
- Yang Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7561-9586)
- Weili Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1862-1492)
- Yi-Long Lung Cancer Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3611-0258)
- Xi Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-5692)
- Wenyan He
- Yuan Tian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5985-2107)
- Wei Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-1582)
- Shengshou Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-6604)
- Chunying Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-5563)
- Chaoqun Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9716-4823)
- Yan Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7154-0595)
- Xueke Bai
- Libo Hou
- Hao Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7437-1815)
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- China National Chemical Engineering (China) (CN)
- Fu Wai Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- BMC Medicine
- Published
- 2025-07-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04206-8
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.12
Funders
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
- Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China