Analysis of Error Integral Performance Indexes in Grid Connected Photovoltaic System through PI Controller for Improving DC Link Voltage by Metaheuristic and Direct Search Methods

This article presents DC Link (DCL) voltage regulation of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System (GCPS). The three-phase DC/AC GCPS system comprises two primary control loops: an exterior loop for managing the DCL voltage and an interior loop for regulating inverter current. The primary element of every control loop is the Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, and determining the ideal gains for it is a difficult undertaking. To accomplish this study, Genetic algorithm (GA), Simulated annealing (SA), and Pattern Search (PS) are implemented to optimize the PI gains by taking into account numerous objective functions based on such as Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE), Integral Square Error (ISE) and Integral Time Square Error (ITSE). This comparison approach offers an excellent concept for experts to elect a right error criterion.