Effective nature-based positive psychology interventions – structured narrative review

Introduction and objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a structured narrative review of the literature published since 2020 on positive psychology interventions related to nature-based approaches. Materials and methods: Texts were searched using the keywords “nature-based” and “positive psychology interventions” in the Google Scholar, PubMed, and APA PsycNet databases. The following screening criteria were used: (1) publication in 2020–2024; (2) English language; (3) topic related to positive psychology interventions, well-being, protective factors, and the natural environment; (4) full-text availability. The exclusion criteria were: (1) access to an abstract or summary only; (2) publication in a language other than English; (3) texts not describing empirical research or not being meta-analyses. The research questions were: (1) What are the effective positive psychology interventions based on nature? (2) What psychological and physiological mechanisms influence their effectiveness in improving well-being in different populations? Results: Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria and were analysed after selection. Studies confirming the effectiveness of positive interventions involving the natural environment were presented. The efficacy of interventions leading to positive changes in mood, emotional well-being, and physical and cognitive health was indicated. This resulted in improved affect, strengthened self-esteem, supported mental regeneration, increased the sense of connection with nature and positive changes in social interactions. Conclusions: The identified mechanisms and benefits of interventions based on contact with nature support the development of this branch of research and practice of positive psychology. The effects of interventions in both multisensory and transcendental mechanisms should be explored further.