Frequency of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients under contrast-enhanced computed tomography with intravenous nonionic, iso-osmolar contrast in Shahrekord, Iran

Background and aims: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common and serious complication related to the intravenous injection of iodinated contrast media. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate CIN frequency and the relationship of some variables with CIN in patients who were referred to Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran. Methods: The study was performed on 200 patients who were candidates for contrast-enhanced computed tomography with intravenous contrast in Shahrekord, Iran, in 2018. Metformin and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs were discontinued from 48 hours before to 48 hours after the contrast prescription. Almost 100 mL of nonionic, iso-osmolar contrast media (Visipaque or Dixopaque) were used for patients. After 48 hours of contrast injection, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (Cr) were checked, and the related data were collected. Cr rising>0.3 mg/dL of baseline and Cr rising>0.5 mg/dL were considered acute kidney injury (AKI) and CIN, respectively. Results: The mean age of patients was 63.65±20 years. In addition, the mean serum Cr of patients before and after the contrast injection was 1.13±0.83 mg/dL and 1.10±0.72 mg/dL, respectively (P=0.44). The frequency of AKI nephropathy (serum Cr rising>0.3 mg/dL) was 11.5% (n=23). However, with a 0.5 mg/dL increase in serum Cr, it was 4.5% (n=9). Only the age of patients was found to be a risk factor for CIN. Conclusion: CIN was not common in cases with normal or near-normal renal function. However, contrast prescription should be performed more carefully in old age patients.