Gender-based violence: vulnerable groups of women and strategies for their protection

The paper is grounded in the critical research paradigm aimed at identifying structural inequalities and systemic barriers that hinder women’s access to social justice. The study analyzes categories of women facing high risks of violence, discrimination, and limited access to social and legal resources. Particular attention is given to women with low incomes, unemployed women, sex workers, women with substance dependencies, women living with HIV, women with physical or mental disabilities, representatives of ethnic or religious minorities, migrants, refugees, transgender women, women with experiences of violence or living in conflict or disaster zones and others. Key risks for these categories include economic dependence, social isolation, stigmatization, legal vulnerability, physical and psychological fragility, and limited access to support. The article highlights the primary challenges, such as social stereotypes, discrimination, and the lack of tailored assistance mechanisms. Special attention is given to protection and support strategies designed to address these issues. Proposed measures include developing economic support programs, ensuring access to legal assistance, rehabilitation and reintegration, specialized programs for women living with HIV, creating safe conditions for women seeking help, adapting services to cultural and linguistic specificities, and organizing shelters and emergency support. The paper emphasizes the importance of cross-sectoral collaboration, raising awareness about women’s rights, and creating accessible assistance mechanisms. The proposed approach aims to eliminate structural obstacles and promote social integration, which is essential for reducing violence and discrimination levels.