Optical Design and Modelling of Wavelength-Scale Photonic Devices for Microdisplays

LEDs were traditionally used in liquid crystal (LC) based displays (LCDs) as light sources in conjunction with a lightguide for computer monitors and mobile phone screens. However, these displays suffer from low brightness, lower contrast issues because of the use of polarizers and color filters. Modern microdisplays and flexible, wearable displays are implemented using active-matrix displays where each pixel is addressed individually and switched on or off as needed.