International experience of housing insurance from earthquake and its application in Kazakhstan: adaptation of the TCIP model

This paper addresses the problem of earthquakes as destructive natural disasters that affect the economy and population security, with a focus on Kazakhstan and its seismically active regions. Special attention is given to the need for implementing mandatory earthquake insurance for residential properties to reduce economic losses and improve seismic preparedness.The aim of the research is to analyze international experience in mandatory earthquake insurance (using Turkey, Japan, and Chile as examples) and to develop recommendations for adapting these models to Kazakhstan, taking into account local risks and economic conditions. The mechanisms for compensating damages, as well as the role of the government and private companies in these programs, are discussed. As part of this study:the object of the research is the system of insurance protection against earthquakes; the subject of the research is the mechanisms and effectiveness of implementing mandatory earthquake insurance for residential properties in Kazakhstan. The scientific significance of the work lies in a comprehensive study of insurance issues in seismically active regions, while the practical significance is in offering steps to implement mandatory earthquake insurance, which would enhance financial security for the population and reduce the consequences of destruction in case of disasters. The contribution of the research to the field of knowledge is in systematizing global experiences and proposing a model tailored to Kazakhstan. The practical value of the work is in creating a theoretical foundation for developing a state program for mandatory housing insurance and assets in seismic hazard zones, which contributes to economic stability and resilience to natural threats.