FOOTBALL INNOVATIONS IN ROMANCE-GERMANIC NEOGRAPHY (2014–2024)

This article analyzes the representation of football neologisms in Romance-Germanic internet neography during the period 2014–2024. The study is based on dictionaries and databases of neologisms in Romance (Spanish, Italian) and Germanic (English, German) languages. The analysis covers online neologism dictionaries and databases (and occasionally, lexicographic works containing neologisms) updated throughout 2014–2024 and available as of January 2025. It is revealed that internet neography has been actively developing in Romance-Germanic studies over the past decade, driven by the digitalization of modern science. Neologism dictionaries and databases of the Spanish language record football innovations and new lexical borrowings, most of which denote teams by kit color or motivated by onymic base. Due to the BOBNEO database, researchers strive to comprehensively cover available sources to trace the functioning peculiarities of neologisms in different variants of Spanish – both European and Latin American. In Italian neography, despite the existence of a neologism database, there is relatively a weak interest in football innovations. It is noted that scholars annually update authoritative dictionaries of diverse variants of the English language – British (Cambridge Dictionary, Oxford English Dictionary), American (Merriam-Webster), and Australian (Macquarie Dictionary); however, the technical parameters of these resources do not always allow for a qualitative analysis of football neologisms in English. Nevertheless, it has also been determined that, despite its limited focus on football, German internet neography records isolated neologisms pertaining to team tactics, player styles, new football technologies, disciplinary sanctions for rule violations, etc. Overall, the number of football neologisms in the dictionaries of Spanish, Italian, English, and German is less than 1% of the total lexical units.