PRINCIPLES OF NOMINATING THE PRESENT, PAST AND FUTUREIN NORTH SLAVIC DIALECTS

One of the directions of linguistic analysis of the concept of “time” is to determine the way in which it is expressed in lexicon and phraseology, especially dialect lexicon, which is most closely connected with traditional culture. A characteristic feature of the folk worldview represented in dialectal vocabulary is the designation of the complex relationship between the past, present and future, particularly in such aspects as the presence of a linear sequence in these varieties of time and their location relative to each other. The meaning 'now', or 'at the present time', synthesizing its various interpretations (from the moment of speech, to the day and even the actual year) can be represented by a single lexeme, and is also carried out with the addition of an indexical pronoun. When denoting the past in the Slavic linguistic territory, different types of semantic motivation of naming are used: the past is something gone, the last, the old. A characteristic feature of the folk perception of time, depicted in dialects, is the absence of discontinuity and the linear sequence declared above between the past, present and future. It should also be noted the inconsistency of temporal and spatial interpretation of the concepts of “ahead” and “behind” in dialect lexicon.