Anti-pyretic activity of Taxus sumatrana in Experimental rodents

Pyrexia is a physiological response triggered by various factors, including infections and the release of endogenous pyrogens like prostaglandins. Acetaminophen, a common antipyretic, has been widely used to reduce fever but can cause significant side effects when used in high doses or over extended periods. This research explores the potential of Taxus sumatrana (Himalayan yew) as an alternative antipyretic agent. The methanol extract of Taxus sumatrana, known to contain flavonoids, was tested for its antipyretic activity in albino rats induced with fever by administering 10% peptone (0.1 g/mL). Rats were divided into five groups: a negative control (Na CMC), a positive control (paracetamol), and three groups receiving the extract at doses of 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The rectal temperature of rats was measured at regular intervals after the induction of pyrexia with peptone injection, before and after extract administration. There was a significant reduction in fever at 500 mg/kg, which was comparable to the effect of acetaminophen, although slightly less potent. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, which likely contribute to the antipyretic effect by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. These findings suggest that Taxus sumatrana extract, particularly at a 500 mg/kg dose, may serve as a viable natural antipyretic alternative.