Antidiabetic and Wound Healing Effects of Methanol Extract of Aloe porphyrostachys Lavranos in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

Aloe vera has a potential antidiabetic activity and accelerates wound healing. This study investigates the antidiabetic potential and wound healing efficacy of Aloe porphyrostachys methanol extract, a less-studied species endemic to Jordan. A dorsal wound was created on male Wistar albino rats were allocated into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and topical treatments with different plant extract concentrations of (0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0%) were applied daily for 14 consecutive days. The results demonstrated that the plant extract had significantly hypoglycemic activity on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for a short period time, enhanced wound contraction was observed, with the 5.0% extract group exhibiting a wound closure rate of (92.90 ± 4.9)%, significantly outperforming the standard treatment with 20 mg/g fusidic acid ointment (68.90 ± 13.96%) with P value < 0.05). Histopathological analysis further supported these findings, revealing improved appearance of the epidermis, with less acanthosis and more organized layers. Moreover, the area of fibroblastic proliferation had decreased significantly in size. In conclusion, A. porphyrostachys exhibited significant antihyperglycemic activity; thus, it could be considered a potential new natural drug with no toxic effects for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) and accelerating wound healing.