Game-based learning for effective Indian sign language acquisition: A tool for hearing-impaired and hearing individuals

An interactive word search game that teaches Indian Sign Language (ISL) vocabulary has been developed for both hearing-impaired and hearing communities. Using the game-based learning (GBL) paradigm, the game consists of visual and interactive components, such as windows containing clickable word lists, images, and sign language videos, to enhance engagement and stimulation compliant with learner needs. A detailed literature review places the current work within the context of existing GBL-based research on sign language. Meanwhile, an empirical study involving 50 participants from diverse backgrounds was conducted over a period of four weeks to determine the game's effectiveness. The evaluation results revealed a high retention rate of ISL vocabulary among all participants: the hearing-impaired group learned an average of 9.8 to 15.2 new signs on average, and the hearing group learned an average of 9.8 to 10.5 signs, indicating that the results were statistically significant; concurrently, participants were highly engaged, giving the highest points, 4.3 to 4.5, on the 5-point Likert scale for enjoyment level. This result confirms that GBL is effective for sign language. The inclusive design of the game promotes peer learning that bridges the communication divide between hearing and hearing-impaired communities toward inclusive education. This study paves the way for accessible educational technology and provides valuable insights for both educators and developers catering to diverse learners.