Factors Affecting Sorghum Production in Tanzania

Sorghum, a staple crop critical to food security in Tanzania’s semi-arid regions, faces significant productivity challenges. This study examines the factors influencing sorghum production in Tanzania, using cross-sectional data from the National Sample Census of Agriculture (NSCA) 2019–2020. The research analyzes demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, and education of household heads, as well as agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers, and agrochemicals to determine their impact on sorghum production. Employing multiple regression analysis, the results reveal that education positively influences productivity, while fertilizers show a negative correlation, likely due to improper application. Seed quantity, herbicides, and insecticides significantly enhance production. Conversely, larger plot sizes are associated with lower productivity, suggesting inefficiencies in resource management. The study emphasizes the need for targeted policy interventions to improve access to high-quality seeds, provide farmer education on input management, and promote better resource allocation for smallholder farmers. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to boost sorghum productivity, strengthen food security, and support rural livelihoods in Tanzania.