Effect of Green Tea Extract on Renal Function Biomarkers in Rats: A Study of N-acetylglucosaminidase Levels, Electrolyte Imbalances, and Renal Health

Green tea extract (GTE) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may affect kidney health. This study aimed to assess the impact of GTE on kidney function biomarkers in rats, focusing on serum N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and renal histology. Wistar rats were administered varying doses of GTE for 42 days. Serum NAG, electrolytes, urea, and creatinine were measured, and renal histology was examined. Gene expression analysis of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) was also conducted to assess potential mechanisms. GTE administration did not significantly alter renal architecture or serum levels of urea, creatinine, or electrolytes. However, a significant increase in NAG levels was observed in the medium and high-dose groups, suggesting potential renal tubular damage. No correlation was found between NAG levels and traditional kidney function biomarkers. Additionally, gene expression analysis showed no significant changes in PON1 levels, indicating that GTE does not directly affect PON1 expression. While GTE did not significantly impact overall renal function or architecture, it may induce mild renal tubular damage. Further studies are needed to explore the specific mechanisms behind GTE's effects on the kidneys and to evaluate its clinical implications for renal health.