BIM Application in Road Construction Sector of Developing Countries

Road construction plays a vital role in the social and economic development of developing countries. However, it is often constrained by financial limitations, maintenance challenges, and environmental concerns. Building Information Modelling (BIM) presents a transformative opportunity to improve road construction efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability by enabling digital collaboration, lifecycle management, and data-driven decision making. This paper examines the current state of BIM application in the road construction sector of developing countries, focusing on lifecycle integration, economic and operational benefits, and key barriers to adoption. Findings indicate that BIM can enhance project outcomes in whole project life. However, challenges such as high initial costs, lack of skilled personnel, and insufficient policy support hinder widespread adoption. Moreover, the underutilization of BIM in the operational phase leads to unsatisfied returns on investment. The study highlights the critical role of government policies in driving BIM implementation, particularly in public-sector road projects. Recommendations include fostering BIM standards, investing in workforce training, and developing localized BIM solutions to maximize long-term benefits for developing nations.