Oro-Motor Function in Patients with Post Burn Facial and Neck Contractures

Introduction: Impaired orofacial functioning is a common feature in patients with contractures to the lower face and neck since the contractures interfere with normal functions of swallowing and speaking. Currently, limited studies are directed toward understanding speech impairments in individuals with postburn orofacial and neck contractures. The current study is aimed to provide insight into the oromotor functions in patients with postburn facial and neck contractures. Methods: Twenty-eight participants with postburn orofacial and neck contractures were recruited with a mean age of 33. Out of 28 participants, 16 had mild, 8 had moderate, and 4 had severe contractures. Oral diadochokinetic (DDK) rate and orofacial myofunctional evaluation with scores (OMES) were used as assessment tools to evaluate oral motor characteristics. Results: The results revealed that 20 out of 28 participants had poor OMES scores, and their oral DDK rates were significantly lower than those of the typical population ( P < 0.05). Reduced OMES scores and DDK rates were attributed to contractures that affected facial and labial sensation, as well as oral hygiene and competence. These impairments led to decreased motor function and coordination of the speech articulators. Conclusion: The study highlights the significant impact of postburn facial and neck contractures on oromotor functions, especially in terms of reduced DDK rates and impaired oral competence. These deficits are caused by the effects of contractures on facial and labial sensation and motor coordination, which impair oromotor control. The findings emphasize the need for targeted rehabilitation strategies to address these challenges in this population.