A Novel Gel Combination of Binahong Leaf Extract, Aloe Vera, Chitosan, and Nanosilver as Antibacterial Agent against Staphylococcus aureus

Wound can be treated with the use of topical gel formulation. However, the treatment of wound caused by diabetes can be challenging due to infection from biofilm-forming microbial colonies. One of the bacteria that causes wound infection is Staphylococcus aureus. The gel formulated with the combination of active ingredients from Binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis) extract, Aloe vera, chitosan, and silver nano particles (AgNp) is known to have wound healing properties, as well as antibacterial activity against S. aureus. This study aimed to determine the stability, physicochemical properties, and antibacterial activity of gel preparations with varying concentrations of Binahong: aloe vera against S. aureus. The gel formulations (F1 – F5) were prepared from a combination of Binahong leaf extract, Aloe vera, chitosan, and nanosilver. The organoleptic properties of the formulations, including colour, odour, and texture were assessed. The gel formulations were also characterized by analysis of various physicochemical parameters like particle size, functional groups, homogeneity, pH, and spreadability. Antibacterial activity of the gel formulations was evaluated in vitro using the disc diffusion method. The gel formulation F3 (Chit-AgNp-Aloe vera 5%-Binahong leaf extract 5%) had the optimal physicochemical properties exhibiting the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.76 mm. Overall, the results of the study showed that the gel formulated with Binahong-aloe vera-chitosan-nanosilver leaf extract has the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for diabetic wound infection.