Exploring the Phytopharmacognostic Profile of <i>Tricholepis glaberrima</i> DC (<i>Brahmadandi</i>) Stem

Background: Pharmacognostic evaluations are crucial for the standardization and authentication of crude drugs to prevent adulteration. Aim: This study examines the pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of the stem of Tricholepis glaberrima DC, an important medicinal plant in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine. Methods: Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed to document morphological and anatomical features. Physicochemical parameters, including moisture content, ash values, and extractive values, were assessed. Fluorescence analysis under UV light and qualitative phytochemical screening were conducted, alongside quantitative analysis for flavonoid and phenolic content. HPTLC fingerprinting were employed to identify major phytoconstituents. Results: The stem’s methanolic extract contained flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and glycosides. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were 38 ±2.0 mg/g and 201 ± 1.0 mg/g of extract, respectively. HPTLC studies revealed quercetin with an Rf value of 0.45. Conclusion: The study establishes comprehensive pharmacognostic and phytochemical parameters for T. glaberrima DC, supporting its standardization and safe use in traditional and modern medicine. Major Findings: The stem of Tricholepis glaberrima DC demonstrated distinct morpho-anatomical features and was found to contain key phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and glycosides. HPTLC profiling confirmed the presence of quercetin, supporting the plant’s standardization and potential medicinal value.