Digital transformation of higher education: ethical challenges and the role of preparing change leaders

This article explores the ethical challenges posed by the digital transformation of higher education, focusing specifically on integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tools into academic processes. The subject of the research is the transformation of higher education institutions. At the same time, the core theme addresses the development of a culture of digital integrity and the evolving role of university leadership in ensuring responsible use of AI. The study aims to identify institutional strategies that foster ethical AI adoption and evaluate the leadership competencies required to guide change in digitally enriched learning environments. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, including a review of international policy documents, analysis of empirical data from a 2025 Ukrainian academic survey, and case-based comparisons of university-level digital ethics initiatives. Findings demonstrate a widening gap between rapid technological adoption and institutional preparedness for ethical oversight. Evidence suggests that administrative control mechanisms are insufficient and must be supplemented by long-term cultural and policy shifts toward digital responsibility. The study highlights the significance of faculty members' transformational leadership, particularly in setting ethical standards and promoting student engagement in the responsible use of AI. It also outlines practical steps Ukrainian universities take, such as launching national upskilling programs and embedding ethics into professional development frameworks. The results contribute to broader discourse on how higher education can prepare future leaders to manage technological disruption with integrity. The paper offers policy recommendations for universities seeking to balance innovation with ethical responsibility in the era of smart technologies.