Integrating Religious and Psychological Constructs: A New Scale for Measuring Panca Jiwa Pondok in Islamic Boarding Schools

This study aims to compile psychological indicators of Panca Jiwa Pondok, build a scale based on these indicators, and assess the values of validity and reliability. Panca Jiwa Pondok referes to the five primary values that form the foundation of character education in Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren): sincerity, simplicity, independence, Islamic brotherhood, and freedom. A deduction technique was then developed from the concept of dimensions to indicators to construct a new scale. The instrument was designed with a religious-psychological approach based on theoretical constructs derived from pesantren values, personality theory, and positive psychology. The trial was carried out on 103 students at the Al-Kamal Gombong Islamic Boarding School in Kebumen, a modern Islamic boarding school with the consistent application of the Panca Jiwa Pondok. The validity test results showed that out of the initial 100 items, 92 items were declared valid based on the Pearson correlation > 0.197 and the significance value < 0.05. The scale's reliability showed high internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.925. The results of factor exploration through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated five main factors according to the initial structure, as shown by the scree plot test. This research showed that the typical values of pesantren can be measured in a standardized and scientific manner and can serve as the foundation for developing character assessments based on Islamic values. This instrument is expected to strengthen character education in Islamic boarding schools and serve as a reference for developing psychometrics based on local wisdom.