Surface characterization and bio-functionalization of irreversible hydrocolloid impression material enhanced with silver vanadate nanoparticles: An in vitro study

Impression materials are prone to microbial contamination, highlighting the need for enhanced antimicrobial properties. Silver vanadate (AgVO₃) nanoparticles offer bio-functional potential when incorporated into irreversible hydrocolloid materials. This study examined the surface morphology, elemental composition, and crystalline structure of alginate impression materials modified with AgVO₃ nanoparticles using SEM, EDX, and XRD techniques. AgVO₃ was synthesized via a silver nitrate and ammonium vanadate reaction and added to alginate at concentrations of 2.5 %, 5 %, and 10 %. SEM analysis showed increased nanoparticle aggregation at higher concentrations, compromising surface homogeneity. EDX confirmed the successful integration of silver and vanadium, while XRD analysis indicated a decrease in crystallinity and increased structural distortion with higher nanoparticle content. These findings suggest that AgVO₃ nanoparticles can enhance the antimicrobial potential of hydrocolloid impression materials. • Silver vanadate nanoparticles enhance hydrocolloid antimicrobial properties against contamination. • Nanoparticle incorporation modifies hydrocolloid surface structure and homogeneity. • SEM and EDX confirm nanoparticle distribution and elemental composition. • XRD reveals reduced crystallinity and structural distortion at high concentrations. • Findings support biofunctionalization for self-disinfecting dental impression materials.