Research Status of Bioactive Compounds in Loquat

Loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Eriobotrya in the Rosaceae family and contains a wide range of bioactive and nutritional compounds. Bioactive compounds derived from loquat exhibit diverse biological activities such as antitussive and expectorant effects, antibacterial properties, inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, and antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Consequently, researchers have conducted numerous studies on loquat in the fields of food science, medicine, and cosmetics, making it a recent focal point. This paper reviews current research on the extraction, purification, and analysis of loquat’s flavonoids, polyphenols, and triterpenoids. It also discusses monomer composition and drying technologies. This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the fingerprint of the functional components of loquat natural products in the later period and also provide a new breakthrough point and ideas for the development and application of loquat in more fields in the future.