Vein viewer: An innovative and emerging NIR-Hb flyover technology in healthcare system

Symbiotic relationship in biophysical researches to clinical translations, have tremendously altered the facets of biomedical science and engineering to afford powerful diagnostic and therapeutic competence arraying from basic research to medical and paramedical sectors. Realizing the biophysical research into the fundamental understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of receptors on the cell membrane and their functional consequences has enormous potential to improve admitted or home care patient outcome. Based on this fact, vein-finding devices exploit near-infrared (NIR) light (≈ 740nm–760 nm) at a distance of up to several centimetres to distinguish veins properly from arteries and surrounding tissues by the selective absorption of NIR radiation. This supports the access to the vein without the need for several punctures. Vein restraining deoxygenated Hb is potentially bridging with the optical coefficient (absorption and scattering coefficient) of NIR light and proceeds for the prevention of autohaemolysis and reflection of infrared light simultaneously. This review outlines the basic strategic roadmap for bridging between biophysics and clinical settings in the term of NIR and Hb. Paradigm shift of biophotonics to biomedical sectors consequently reveals innovative technologies for clinical theronostics.