A Pilot Study of a Video-Based Reminiscence Therapy Utilizing Media Archives for Early-Stage Dementia

Background and Purpose: Reminiscence therapy (RT) is a commonly used non-pharmacological intervention for individuals with dementia, aimed at improving cognitive function and emotional well-being.However, traditional RT often faces limitations, including facilitator dependency and challenges in sustaining participant engagement.To address these challenges, a video-based RT (VBRT) program was developed in collaboration with MBC Dingding University.Methods: In this retrospective, single-arm pilot study, 23 individuals with early-stage dementia participated in 50-minute VBRT sessions, held twice weekly over six weeks at the Yangcheon Center for Dementia.Acceptability was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale evaluating satisfaction with session timing, location, instructor quality, content, and overall program.Engagement was measured by attendance rate.Cognitive outcomes were assessed using the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination and the Cognitive Impairment Screening Test.Subjective memory complaints and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire and the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively.Results: Participants reported high acceptability, with a median total satisfaction score of 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 4-5).However, the median attendance rate was 74.7% (IQR, 58-92%), which was lower than anticipated.No significant improvements were observed in cognitive, subjective memory, or mood outcomes.Sensitivity analyses suggested that participants with higher attendance (80%) exhibited a non-significant trend toward cognitive improvement.Conclusions: The VBRT program was well-received but demonstrated limited engagement and no significant cognitive or mood effects.Further randomized controlled trials with larger samples and strategies to enhance adherence are warranted.