Quantum effects on greybody factor via quantum Oppenheimer–Snyder-dS spacetime

Abstract The greybody factor of quantum Oppenheimer–Snyder-de Sitter spacetime is examined in this study. We determined the effective potential and examined its role under several physical factors, such as mass, rotational momentum, and quantum parameters, by transforming the Klein–Gordon equation into a Schrödinger-like wave equation through tortoise coordinates. Our results show that the absorption and scattering of massless scalar fields are strongly affected by the decrease in the effective potential caused by an increase in the quantum parameter. It is observed that the appearance of the quantum factor significantly increases the Schwarzschild–de Sitter black hole’s effective potential. We discovered that waves behave differently at the event horizon, with lower-frequency waves bouncing off possible impediments and higher-frequency waves more readily penetrating them. Our investigation of the greybody component further demonstrates the significance of effective potential in wave transmission and reflection, demonstrating a substantial link between wave frequency and emission rates. In order to understand particle behavior at black hole horizons, it is shown that higher-frequency waves are more likely to pass through potential barriers, whereas lower-frequency waves prefer to reflect. This study advances our understanding of quantum field theory in curved spacetime and black hole thermodynamics, particularly in relation to scalar field interactions with black holes.