Step-by-step technique for MIS robotic spinal fusion surgery

The clinical use of new technologies has the goal to produce healthcare advancements. In this context, robotic assistance for spinal surgery carries several potential benefits, including improved accuracy, precision, and efficiency, and such technology is making its way into neurosurgical operating rooms with increasing frequency. However, shifting the spinal fusion technique from the traditional freehand C-arm-guided technique to a robot-assisted technique can be challenging. In this video, the authors present the step-by-step robot-assisted technique, using the Mazor X Stealth robotic technology, as performed in their department for lumbar pedicle screw placement. The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2025.4.FOCVID258.