Cultivating healthcare innovators: a cross-sectional study on entrepreneurial abilities and influencing factors among nursing undergraduates

These findings underscore the need to integrate targeted entrepreneurship training-particularly in opportunity identification, risk management, and resource mobilization-into nursing curricula to address skill gaps. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts of educational interventions, cross-cultural comparisons of entrepreneurial competency frameworks, and the role of institutional policies in fostering healthcare innovation. Practically, this study advocates for policy reforms that incentivize experiential learning (e.g., entrepreneurship practicums) and family engagement programs to align educational outcomes with evolving healthcare demands.