Congenital Heart Disease Profile in the Pediatric Inpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya: A Study from January to December 2021

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a structural and functional abnormality of the cardiovascular system present at birth. Accurate epidemiological data is crucial for enhancing the quality of healthcare services. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of children with CHD at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya. Methods: This descriptive study took place at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya from January 2021 to December 2021, utilizing secondary data obtained from medical records. The study sample consisted of patients aged under eighteen years old with CHD. Results: This study examined 186 samples of children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Boys were more prevalent (55.38%) than girls (44.62%). Neonates comprised 46,24% of cases. 39.25% showing good nutritional status (39.25% and 34.41% exhibiting severe malnutrition. 58.60% of cases were diagnosed with Atrial septal defect (ASD). 5,91% of patients are also diagnosed with Down syndrome. Non-congenital comorbidities found are pneumonia (17,20%), and sepsis (12,37%). Conclusion: In this research, we found patients with congenital heart disease were more common in males, most patients were diagnosed for the first time in the neonate age group, and most of the patients had good nutritional status. The most common type of acyanotic congenital heart disease was Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and the most frequently found cyanotic congenital heart disease was Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Down syndrome was the most common congenital disease that accompanied CHD and the predominant co-morbid was pneumonia.