Physical Characterization of Crude Extract Loaded Bismuth Nanoparticles from <i>Artabotrys hexapetalus</i>

Bismuth nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention in the field of catalysis due to their small size, high surface-to-volume ratio, and low toxicity. Despite these benefits, their development and use are significantly constrained by the hazardous reagents and solvents required in the synthesis process. In this study, a green method using readily available lemon juice was used to create bismuth nanoparticles (Bi-NPs) as a green substitute for those made using traditional chemical methods. Plenty of interest has been paid to green nanoparticle synthesis recently due to its potential utility in biology and medicine. In this study, Artabotrys hexapetalus ethanol extract was used to create bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi 2 O 3 NPs) using green synthesis after 24 hours at 90°C. The product was examined using UV-Spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The UV-Vis spectra of Bi-NPs produced and reconstituted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent with a maximum at 202 nm. The peak in relation to phytochemicals is somewhat reduced as a result of alterations in poly-hydroxyl molecules involved in bio-reduction. FTIR results reveal the bio fabrication of the Artabotrys hexapetalus leaves mediated Bi 2 O 3 NPs may be by the action of the phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids. The X-ray diffraction pattern of Bi 2 O 3 had reflection maxima at 77 degrees of glancing angle. All reflection peaks may be well indexed with a pure tetragonal phase of crystalline Bi 2 O 3 , which agrees well with the tetragonal phase fibre structure. The goal of this study was to create environmentally friendly Bi 2 O 3 NPs with good potential utilizing ethanol extract. Bi 2 O 3 NPs may make a good candidate for a variety of applications based on the results.