COMPUTATIONAL MODELS AND ANALYSES OF PILE RETAINING WALLS SUBJECTED TO BASIC AND SEISMIC LOAD COMBINATIONS

The paper presents alternative FE models for analysis of retaining walls under static and dynamic (earthquake) actions. Classical 1D beam-models as well as 2D models of the wall-ground interaction are presented. The FE discretization and boundary conditions features are pointed out when performing time history seismic analysis using accelerograms. The main parameters of accelerograms and criteria for selection of appropriate accelerograms are described. Classical and advanced constitutive models are used to describe the mechanical behavior of the soil. Case studies from engineering practice are discussed and comparative analyses of numerical solutions are performed. Computational models of pile walls for strengthening of deep costruction excavations in the city of Sofia are presented.