ANALYSIS OF REVENUE SOURCES FOR THE KYIV CITY BUDGET

The sustainable revenue formation for local budgets has become increasingly critical in contemporary public finance, particularly for capital cities confronting multifaceted economic disruptions. Ukraine’s ongoing fiscal decentralization reforms, coupled with the dual impact of global pandemic and full-scale military aggression, create unprecedented challenges for municipal revenue systems. Kyiv, as the nation’s capital, exemplifies the complex intersection of enhanced economic opportunities and elevated fiscal responsibilities inherent to metropolitan governance. The wartime context fundamentally transforms traditional revenue patterns through business relocations, demographic shifts, infrastructure damage, and emergency legislative measures affecting tax collection. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Kyiv’s budget revenue structure, dynamics, and efficiency across various sources during 2019–2024, identify reserves for revenue enhancement, and develop evidence-based recommendations for income source diversification under conditions of macroeconomic instability and military conflict. The analysis reveals sustained revenue growth with total budget income increasing from 62.2 billion UAH in 2019 to 101.7 billion UAH in 2024, despite pandemic-related decline in 2020. General fund revenues demonstrated significant expansion of 55.9%, while dependence on intergovernmental transfers decreased from 22.0% to 8.9%, indicating enhanced fiscal autonomy. SWOT analysis identified key strengths including high tax potential and developed financial infrastructure, alongside critical weaknesses such as uneven territorial revenue distribution and limited local tax base flexibility. The study develops an integrated framework for improving Kyiv’s revenue system encompassing eight strategic directions: strengthening financial autonomy, optimizing tax collection, enhancing municipal property revenues, implementing digital financial management, diversifying income sources, developing risk management capabilities, attracting international financial resources, and improving budget transparency. Implementation of proposed measures would significantly enhance the effectiveness of revenue formation, ensure financial stability, and create favorable conditions for sustainable urban development under extraordinary circumstances.