Beyond the urban lure: factors associated with medical students’ intentions to practice in LMICs disadvantaged areas

Healthcare disparities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are exacerbated by the uneven distribution of healthcare professionals, with a higher concentration in urban areas. This study investigated factors influencing medical students' intentions to practice in disadvantaged, frontier, and outermost regions (DFORs). Key findings revealed that: (1) students perceiving the medical school curriculum as relevant to DFOR practice were significantly more likely to intend to serve there; (2) strong ties to DFOR, including birthplace, high school attendance, and local university pathways, significantly increased the likelihood of service intention; and (3) financial support from local governments and recognition from local authorities significantly incentivized students to serve in their home regions. These findings highlight the critical roles of curriculum relevance, community engagement, and financial incentives in attracting and retaining physicians in DFORs. The study contributes valuable insights into strategies for improving healthcare access and addressing health disparities in underserved areas, particularly within the LMICs context.