Knowledge, Awareness and Behaviour Regarding Vitamin D Levels Among Dental Students in South India: A Cross-sectional Survey

Introduction Vitamin D plays a crucial role in supporting various physiological activities, thus contributing to overall health and well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and behaviour regarding vitamin D levels among dental students in South India. Methods A multicentric online survey was conducted among dental students from various dental colleges in South India. Prior informed consent was obtained from all the students. A self-administered questionnaire in English was designed to collect information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, knowledge, and awareness of vitamin D levels, as well as vitamin D supplement use. Results The final sample consisted of 516 dental students, of whom the majority were female [n=384; 74.4%], and the mean age was 22 years [SD: 1.67]. Most dental students were unaware of their current vitamin D levels [92.4%]. Only 39 dental students reported their current vitamin D levels. Only six of the 39 dental students had vitamin D levels above 30ng/ml. There was no significant difference in the knowledge of current vitamin D levels for sex [p=0.129] and academic year of study among dental students [ p =0.197]. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vitamin D status among dental students, regardless of variables such as sex [ p =0.24], academic year [ p =0.76], application of sunscreen [ p =0.129], and clothing or use of an umbrella to avoid sun exposure [ p >0.99]. Discussion This study highlighted poor knowledge of vitamin D levels among dental students, irrespective of sex and academic year of study, which may be attributed to a general lack of awareness regarding the role of vitamin D in maintaining physiological functions, as well as insufficient emphasis on periodic vitamin D screening. Conclusion This study revealed a lack of awareness of vitamin D status among dental students. Among those who had checked their vitamin D levels, a high prevalence of deficiency was observed.