Comparative analysis of the eco-innovation structure of European Union countries in 2014-2024

Purpose:The aim of this paper is to analyse and assess the eco-innovation of the European Union Member States in the years 2014-2024, which will allow for determining its level and making comparisons in various aspects.Design/methodology/approach: The work uses various research methods, such as analysis and criticism of the subject literature, statistical methods, and logical analysis and construction.Findings: The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the level of eco-innovation in the European Union Member States over the years 2014-2017.The analysis of the level of eco-innovation in individual countries, based on appropriate indicators, allows for the identification of areas requiring intervention, assessment of the effectiveness of environmental policy and comparison of achievements and the pace of development between countries.The article indicates the leaders of eco-innovation in the group of countries and presents the growth and decline in the most important dimensions.The analyses carried out show that the leaders of eco-innovation in the EU are: Finland, Denmark, Austria, Luxembourg, Sweden, Italy, France, Germany, Netherlands, and the largest increase in the summary ecoinnovation index compared to 2014 was recorded in Lithuania, Ireland and Malta (EIS 2024).Research limitations/implications: In the future, it will be possible to compare the level of eco-innovation of European Union countries with their overall level of innovation, which will allow for a better understanding of the relationship between innovation and actions for sustainable development. Practical implications:The practical value of the publication is particularly important for public authorities, institutions responsible for shaping environmental policy and decisionmakers at national and EU level.It may also be of interest to analysts, researchers and international organizations dealing with sustainable development. Social implications:The research presented in the article provides knowledge that can contribute to improving the quality of life of European Union citizens by more effectively shaping the environmental policies of EU Member States and supporting sustainable development.By identifying the strengths and weaknesses in the field of eco-innovation in individual countries, the article can support the creation of more precise, fair and effective public strategies.Originality/value: The article brings new value to the analysis of eco-innovation of EU countries, presenting the level of eco-innovation of EU Member States over the years 2014-2024.Analysis of the level of eco-innovation in individual countries, based on appropriate indicators, allows to identify areas requiring intervention, assess the effectiveness of environmental policy and compare achievements and the pace of development between countries.